is an Associate Professor at the Faculty of Economics and Political Science, Cairo University. She is an an economist with a main focus on digital economics, and information and communication technology’s role in development. She has extensive consulting experience working for numerous private sector clients and international organizations, such as the World Bank, International Telecommunication Union (ITU), GSMA, and ILO. For more than five years, she advised the Egyptian Ministry of Investment, where she led the research department. Numerous times, she was awarded Cairo University’s International Publications Award for publishing in Thomson Reuters–indexed journals in the area of ICT4D.